Fastest Path to Citizenship Through Investment

Income-based

Proof of passive income (approx. €900/month minimum)

Income-based

Proof of passive income of ~€2,300/month (400% of Spain's IPREM index) for main applicant, plus ~€575/month per dependent. Private health insurance mandatory. Property lease or purchase required. Cannot work for Spanish employers.

Income-based

No investment. Must demonstrate remote employment or freelance activity for a non-Spanish company, with minimum income of approximately €2,520/month (200% IPREM).

Income-based

Proof of stable passive income (no fixed minimum, typically €31K+/year) + property.

Income-based

Proof of $2,500/month stable passive income for 2+ years.

Income-based

Proof of $1,000/month pension income from a recognised pension source.

Income-based

Company registration in Croatia or appointment as director/board member. No minimum capital requirement for d.o.o. (LLC equivalent).

Income-based

No minimum investment threshold. Invitation-only based on exceptional achievement and recognised contribution to innovation, research, entrepreneurship, investment, sport, or arts. Must submit Expression of Interest (EOI); Department issues invitations. State nomination required for most streams.

Income-based

No investment. Must hold qualifications in a gazetted critical skill (engineering, IT, finance, healthcare, etc.).

$24,000

$2,000/month income proof ($24,000/year) from a pension, annuity, or other stable source outside Belize.

€50,000

Real estate: €250K+ in Riga or within 30km (freehold, 5-year hold, +5% government fee). Business: €50K into Latvian company (<50 employees) or €100K (50+ employees), plus €10K government fee. Bank deposit: €280K fixed for 5 years. Income proof: €2,220/month required.

$70,000

$70K bank deposit or business investment.

$90,000

$90,000 standard contribution to Nauru Economic and Climate Resilience Programme. Promotional rate of $80,000 available through June 2026.

$90,000

$90K donation to National Transformation Fund (single applicant). $95K for families of 2-4. Total cost with fees ~$105K.

$100,000

$100K+ in approved real estate project (government-approved developments only, including residential and mixed-use in Phnom Penh). Includes KHCA membership fee. Total cost typically $50K–$100K depending on chosen project. Work rights included from day one.

€100,000

€100K+ in demonstrable financial means. No specific investment vehicle required but must prove financial independence.

$100,000

$100K Heritage track (African descent) or $140K standard track contribution. Total cost with fees approximately $117K–$157K depending on track.

$130,000

$130K government contribution (single applicant). Additional fees for family members.

$133,000

Two variants: BHD 100,000+ (~$266,000) in share ownership of a Bahraini enterprise, or BHD 50,000+ (~$133,000) in Bahraini property plus stable income of BHD 500+/month. Administered by the Ministry of Interior's Nationality, Passports and Residence Affairs directorate.

$150,000

$150K+ in real estate (must be in applicant's personal name), business investment, private equity funds, shares, securities, or sustainable tourism projects. Note: $150K is a temporary threshold (reduced from $200K under Law No. 9996); may revert to $200K if not extended past mid-2026.

$200,000

$200K donation to Economic Diversification Fund or $200K+ real estate (3-year hold).

$200,000

$200K+ in Panamanian real estate or 3-year Certificate of Deposit in a Panamanian bank. Alternatively, employment with a Panamanian company qualifies. Provisional residency within ~72 hours, permanent residency after 2 years. Available to 50+ eligible nationalities including US, UK, EU, and most Commonwealth countries.

$200,000

QAR 730,000+ (~$200,000, QAR/USD peg 3.64) in approved freehold real estate within designated investment zones (The Pearl-Qatar, Lusail, West Bay Lagoon, and similar Cabinet-approved areas). Renewable residence permit tied to continued ownership of the qualifying property.

$213,000

One-time government fee of SAR 800,000 (~$213,000, SAR/USD peg 3.75). No underlying investment required. Grants permanent residency for life with no annual renewal. A limited-duration alternative exists at SAR 100,000/year (~$27,000), renewable annually.

$230,000

$230K donation to National Development Fund (covers family of up to 4 at same price, unique among Caribbean CBI). Or $260K University of the West Indies Fund (family of up to 6, one member enrolled, inclusive of processing fees). Or $300K+ real estate (5-year hold, joint investment option: two families invest $200K each in same property). Or $1.5M direct business investment.

$235,000

$235K donation to National Transformation Fund (single applicant or family of up to 4), or $270K+ shared real estate (+$50K NTF), or $350K+ sole ownership real estate (+$50K NTF).

$240,000

$240K donation to National Economic Fund (single applicant; $300K for family of 4). Or $300K+ approved real estate (5-year hold). Or $300K+ government bond (non-interest-bearing, 5-year hold, plus administration fee set by the CIU). Or enterprise investment from $3.5M (3+ jobs created).

$250,000

$250K Sustainable Island State Contribution (SISC, flat rate for family of up to 4). Real estate: $325K+ (Developer's Real Estate, 7-year hold) or $600K+ (Private Real Estate, 7-year hold).

€250,000

€250K in qualifying innovative startup (registered, <5 years old, <€5M revenue), €500K in Italian company (SME or larger), €1M philanthropic donation, or €2M in government bonds. Startup route is most popular entry point.

$250,000

$250K+ real estate or $300K+ government treasury deposit (refundable after 5 years).

€250,000

€250K in HNB-approved residential real estate fund (40%+ of NAV in Hungarian residential property, 5-year minimum hold). Or €1M non-refundable donation to a public interest trust supporting Hungarian higher education. Direct real estate route removed January 2025.

$250,000

$250K+ real estate investment.

€300,000

Property purchase (€300K+ new build from developer).

$345,000

BHD 130,000+ (~$345,000, BHD/USD peg 2.66) in Bahraini freehold real estate. Reduced from BHD 200,000 in 2025. Grants a 10-year renewable residency permit with work rights and family reunification.

€400,000

Property: €400K standard zones, €800K prime zones (Athens, Thessaloniki, Mykonos, Santorini, islands with population >3,100). €250K for commercial-to-residential conversions only. Also bank deposits (€500K), gov bonds (€500K), funds (€350K).

$400,000

Property purchase ($400K+) or bank deposit ($500K+) or government bonds ($500K+).

CHF 450,000

CHF 450K+ annual tax payment (lump-sum taxation based on living expenses, not income). Varies by canton.

$490,000

Framework reformed July 2025; all passive treasury-bond routes eliminated. Five active citizenship routes (thresholds in JOD; approximate USD conversions at 2026 rates): Existing Project retroactive recognition JOD 350K-700K (~USD 490K-990K); New Project with 10-20 Jordanian jobs JOD 500K-700K (~USD 700K-990K); Share Purchase in Jordanian companies JOD 1M (~USD 1.4M, 3-year profit lock-up); Sector-Specific in pharmaceuticals/logistics/priority sectors up to JOD 3M (~USD 4.2M); Employment-Only (no capital floor) with 100-150 Jordanian national hires. Annual cap of 500 approvals across all routes.

€500,000

Qualifying investment fund (€500K min, 60%+ allocated to Portugal-based companies, 5-year lock-up). Also: €250,000 standard contribution to Portuguese cultural heritage, artistic production, or national scientific research (Law 56/2023). Reduced to €200,000 for projects in low-population-density regions including Azores, Madeira, and interior NUTS III areas. €1.5M capital transfer. Job creation (10 positions). Property route closed Oct 2023.

€500,000

Minimum ~€500K bank deposit with a Monaco-licensed bank (bank-set threshold, not legislated). Secure housing in Monaco (rental ~€3,000-5,000/month minimum for a studio; purchase typically €3M+ for a one-bedroom). Proof of financial self-sufficiency, clean criminal record, and private health insurance required.

€512,000

€512K+ investment in Bulgarian government bonds, business, or designated projects.

$650,000

OMR 250,000+ (~$650,000) in real estate (typically within an Integrated Tourism Complex), an operating Omani company, or a combination. Grants a 5-year renewable residency permit.

$800,000

$800K in targeted employment area (TEA) or $1.05M standard. Must create/preserve 10+ full-time jobs.

€1,000,000

€1M minimum investment in Andorran assets (real estate, shares, or bank deposits) + €50K government deposit under 2026 regulations. Alternative: €400K via the Andorran Housing Fund.

$1,000,000

$1M contribution (can be paid in Bitcoin or USD).

$1,000,000

QAR 3,650,000+ (~$1,000,000) in approved freehold real estate. Grants a Permanent Residency Card valid for 5 years and renewable, subject to continued compliance. Law No. 10 of 2018 caps total Permanent Residency Card issuance at 100/year (children of Qatari mothers excluded); legal sources differ on whether investor approvals draw from this general cap or a separate allocation.

$1,070,000

SAR 4,000,000+ (~$1.07M) in mortgage-free Saudi real estate, free of any financing encumbrance. Opened to foreign buyers across most major Saudi cities under the property ownership law that took effect January 2026.

$1,300,000

OMR 500,000+ (~$1.3M, OMR/USD peg 2.60) in real estate (typically within an Integrated Tourism Complex), an operating Omani company, or a combination. Relaunched under this structure 31 August 2025 via Invest Oman. Grants a 10-year renewable residency permit.

AED2,000,000

Property: AED 2M+ (equity portion, no 50% threshold since Feb 2026 — off-plan and mortgaged accepted). Or: AED 2M+ public investment/deposits. Entrepreneurs: AED 500K+ in approved startup. Expanded categories include content creators, educators, nurses (15+ years), e-sports professionals.

NZD 5,000,000

Growth category: NZD 5M+ in approved managed funds or NZ business direct investment, held 3 years (21 days/year stay). Balanced category: NZD 10M+ in mixed investments including bonds and new residential property, held 5 years (105 days/year stay). Both restructured April 2025.

ZAR 5,000,000

ZAR 5M (~$270K USD) in a South African business.

SGD 10,000,000

Option A: SGD 10M into new/existing Singapore business (30+ employees, 50%+ Singaporean). Option B: SGD 25M into EDB-approved fund investing in Singapore companies. Option C: Single Family Office with SGD 200M AUM, SGD 50M deployed locally. Application fee SGD 20,000 (from May 2025).

HKD 30,000,000

HKD 30M (~$3.8M USD) in permissible financial assets. No property.

ZAR 37,000,000

Proof of net worth of ZAR 37M (~$2M USD). No active business requirement.